Amsterdam, 05 December 2022 – FSDAi Nyala Facility BV (FNF BV or Nyala) has invested USD 1.5 million in equity into Nigerian based ARUWA Capital Management. ARUWA is a Gender Lens Investing (GLI) Fund which provides capital and post-investment management support to Small and Growing Businesses (SGBs). This investment has brought the Fund to its target size of USD 20 million.
In addition to the investment, Nyala will provide post-investment catalytic support to ARUWA’s team focused on achieving a sustainably investable proposition with a robust team and governance.
This transaction is a high-profile deal in the GLI space. ARUWA Capital Management is a Nigerian GLI fund, founded in 2019 by seasoned investment professional, Ms. Adesuwa Okunbo Rhodes.
ARUWA’s investment thesis is to make healthy returns by investing in female-oriented, female-owned or female-led SGBs in real economy sectors with steep growth curve potentials, thanks to the leverage of technology. ARUWA’s post-investment support to its portfolio companies is also well thought through as it makes use of high-quality finance and administration expertise from a locally renowned consultancy with a strong track record in venture building.
Joris van Oppenraaij, Senior Investment Officer at Nyala Venture stated that “Pre-investment, we closely worked with ARUWA on attracting more institutional investors to speed up the closing of the fund. During that period, I witnessed the swiftness with which ARUWA’s team executes high quality deals, followed by post-investment focused and tailor-made support to their investees”.
“This is Nyala Venture’s first investment and is an excellent fit with Nyala’s catalytic mandate given ARUWA’s focus on Gender Lens Investing and on Small and Growing Business. As part of our mandate, we aim to build a new asset class of Local Capital Providers, such as ARUWA, to further strengthen and deepen the SGB Financing ecosystem in Sub-Saharan Africa” added Bart Schaap, Managing Director at Nyala Venture”
“This marks an important moment to celebrate as we back female fund managers in Africa, future and formidable allocators of capital for our sustainable future” noted Anne-Marie Chidzero, CIO FSDAi. “This investment builds upon the Collaborative for Frontier Finance’s vision for Africa that Small and Growing Businesses need local capital managers to address the systemic gap in financing these engines of growth and jobs” concluded Drew von Glahn, Executive Director, Collaborative for Frontier Finance.
The grant is to be channeled through FSD Africa’s BimaLab accelerator programme to boost innovation in the sector.
Nairobi, November 30th, 2022 – Swiss Re Foundation has announced a USD 500,000 grant for Africa’s insurance sector to spur innovation of insurance solutions for the underserved. The funding, to be distributed through the FSD Africa’s supported BimaLab insurance accelerator programme, will unlock and accelerate the transformation of Africa’s insurance sector through innovative offerings for the sector’s unique landscape.
Recently, there has been increased attention to Africa’s expanding and promising insurance sector. At the COP27 Summit, over 85 African insurers pledged to create a financing facility to provide $14 billion to support communities impacted by climate change. The cover will help the continent’s most vulnerable communities deal with climate disaster risks such as floods and droughts, cementing the insurance industry’s position in driving the continent’s economic expansion.
Despite its massive potential, research by Brookings Institute indicates that Africa’s insurance sector has a low penetration of 2.78% compared to the global average insurance penetration rate of 7.23%.
Low awareness and low employment levels in the formal sectors, coupled with a lack of trust and experience with traditional insurance institutions, have been attributed to low penetration rates.
To harness the opportunities presented by the insurance sector, FSD Africa, with its partners, launched the BimaLab accelerator programme in 2020. The programme provides resources needed by talented insurtech founders of early to mid-stage start-ups to leverage insurance technology and promote insurance penetration in the continent.
The BimaLab program now in Kenya, Ghana and Nigeria has enabled 40 insurtechs to gain visibility and push for resources to scale their innovations. So far, 43 unique products and services have reached over 600,000 customers since the program started in 2020.
Plans to launch the BimaLab Accelerator Programme in Ethiopia, Uganda, Rwanda, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Egypt, and Morocco are underway.
The support of the Swiss Re Foundation will further facilitate the growth of high-impact insurtechs through introducing and scaling innovative products and services to the underserved African market.
Commenting on the new grant, Kelvin Massingham, Director of Risk and Resilience, FSD Africa, said: “The importance of the insurance sector to alleviate the challenges of today cannot be understated. While the African continent continues to report low insurance uptake, there are numerous opportunities for innovators in insurance. We are optimistic that through the grant, the underserved communities will soon start enjoying the safety net provided by insurance from many external threats like natural disasters, health threats, and economic disruptions.”
Elias Omondi, Senior Manager of Risk Regulations at FSD Africa, said: “The support of the Swiss Re Foundation is a significant step towards building an innovative and climate-focused insurance industry that will accommodate the evolving needs of the uninsured.”
Stefan Huber Fux, Director of the Swiss Re Foundation said “We acknowledge the role of the insurance sector in spurring the growth and development of the African continent. Through programmes such as BimaLab, the most vulnerable and low-income people will gain from innovative, affordable, and efficient insurance products and services.”
COP27 may be over but its impact will be felt for many decades to come.
Discussions highlighted nature’s pivotal role in tackling the climate crisis.
Here we reflect on 10 areas where progress is being made on climate action.
The implications of COP27 will likely be felt for decades to come, for better or worse. While a broad range of analysis has already been published on the ultimate outcomes of COP27, this summary includes reflections on how nature was the stand out topic at COP27 – here are the top ten takeaways.
1. Calls for structural reform of finance for nature and climate
It was impossible to pass a day at COP27 without having a conversation about finance – but finance means different things to different people. The breakthrough on loss and damage funding made the headlines, but this year there was much attention on structural reform of the financial system as well as the need to create innovative mechanisms that support nature and climate outcomes at national and ecosystem levels.
The Bridgetown agenda remained a central theme within these discussions. Before COP27, there was much focus on the need for financing adaptation measures – although in fact, very little progressed on this agenda from Glasgow. The multilateral development banks are also under scrutiny – sovereign bonds and sustainability-linked loans and bonds have been high on the agenda. Leading financial institutions from Japan to Norway to Brazil, all signatories to the Financial Sector Commitment on Eliminating Commodity-driven Deforestation have been moving forward with implementation through the Finance Sector Deforestation Action (FSDA) initiative.
FSDA members have published shared investor expectations for companies, and they are stepping up engagement activity and are working with policymakers and data providers. More broadly, the 10 point plan for financing biodiversity moved ahead at COP27 with a ministerial meeting between 16 countries representing five continents to set a pathway for bridging the global biodiversity finance gap – and looking ahead to the biodiversity COP15 in December 2020.
2. Biodiversity COP15 looms large
The biodiversity COP is usually a distant cousin to the climate COP, but in Egypt there was a considerable amount of attention on the need to create a “sister agreement” – a Paris moment for nature. The messaging that the climate and nature crises are deeply linked was made loud and clear at COP27.
On Biodiversity Day, the Paris climate champions urged leaders to step up action to address the accelerating loss of nature by delivering an ambitious biodiversity agreement at COP15 in Montreal. On the same day, more than 340 civil society leaders called on governments to prioritise the biodiversity COP, and a new survey from more than 400 experts from 90 countries revealed that a shocking 88% believe that the state of the world’s nature is “alarming” or “catastrophic and potentially irreversible”.
However, even though many countries were pushing for COP15 to be included in the COP27 text, the attempt failed – a disappointing outcome as net-zero emissions will not be enough to limit rapidly rising temperatures. Governments also need to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030.
3. Strong signs of political will for forests
The creation of the Forest and Climate Leaders’ Partnership (FCLP), announced at the World Leaders’ Summit, is being driven by the reality that there is no time to lose when it comes to halt and reverse forest loss by 2030, with the intent to demonstrate success by COP28. The leaders of the 28 – and counting – FCLP member countries serve as key actors in the partnership, and its ultimate priority setters.
The FCLP will hold regular meetings, including leader-level moments at the beginning of climate COPs to encourage accountability. Starting in 2023, the FCLP will also publish an annual Global Progress Report that includes independent assessments of global progress toward the 2030 goal, as well as summarising progress made by the FCLP itself, including in its action areas and initiatives.
The presence of Brazil’s president elect, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, put a spotlight on the Amazon at COP27 – with Brazil promising to prioritise stopping deforestation and offering to host COP30 in three years’ time. Also, an announcement by Brazil, Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of Congo – made in Indonesia ahead of the G20 – signalled their intentions to work together to protect their vast swathes of tropical forests, earning the nickname “the OPEC of rainforests”.
This chart shows the total hectares of forest that have been destroyed in different countries. Source: Statista.
4. Implementation of forest pledges
Coming into COP27, there were clear signs that the global community is not yet on track to halt and reverse forest loss and degradation by 2030. Another UN-led report found that for 2030 goals to remain within reach, a one gigaton milestone of emissions reductions from forests must be achieved not later than 2025, and yearly after that, but that current public and private commitments to pay for emissions reductions are only at 24% of the gigaton milestone goal.
However, it wasn’t all bad news on the implementation front. Nature4Climate’s new joint commitment tracker found that 55% of the commitments tracked are demonstrating substantial signs of progress. There are also some bright spots to celebrate. For example, tropical Asia is on the path toward reversing forest loss by 2030: Indonesia’s deforestation rate dropped by 25% last year, and Malaysia also reported a fall of 24% in the pace of forest loss last year.
Forest pledges made in Glasgow at COP26 were also in the spotlight. In 2021, $2.67 billion was put towards forest-related programmes in developing countries – 22% of the $12 billion pledged at COP26, meaning that donors are on track to deliver by 2025. Private sector funds are also moving: for example, one year after launch, the IFACC initiative is scaling innovative financial mechanisms to help farmers without further conversion of the Amazon, Cerrado and Chaco ecosystems.
So far, commitments have risen from $3 billion to $4.2 billion and disbursements are expected to exceed $100 million this year. Similarly, the public-private LEAF Coalition has mobilised an additional $500 million in private finance, bringing a total of $1.5 billion in support of tropical forest protection. This is part of $3.6 billion of new private finance announced at the climate summit.
And exciting private sector initiatives worth noting include the launch of a new company Biomas (by Suzano, Santander, Itau, Marfrig, Rabobank and Vale) to restore 4 million hectares in the Amazon, the Mata Atlantica rainforest and the Cerrado. Also, 1t.org announced pledges from its first four Indian companies (Vedanta, ReNew Power, CSC Group and Mahindra) to join 75 other companies worldwide committed to planting and growing 7 billion trees in more than 60 countries.
5. Nature of negotiations
In the negotiations, nature-based solutions were included in the COP27 text for the first time, with forests, oceans and agriculture each having their own section. The Koronivia Dialogue – the track where food and agriculture is discussed at the UNFCCC – has finally been included in the text, but all eyes turn to COP28 for the focus required to truly transform food systems.
In the wonderful world of Article 6, things remain complex. Last year, at COP26 in Glasgow, countries decided on the basic framework of Article 6. Throughout 2022, countries have been focused on how to operationalise the Article 6 mechanism that allows countries to actually begin trading. In Egypt, the discussions were very technical – such as how registries are going to work, how countries will report on the trading, and what information should be submitted –with the aim of making things easy to track.
For nature, it was decided at COP26 that land use emissions were part of Article 6 – as it includes all sources and sinks. The focus in Egypt has been on article 6.4 – the mechanism for developing guidance on activities involving removals which includes reforestation, restoration, afforestation etc.
6. Technology meets nature
In a similar way to finance, “tech” gets everywhere at climate COPs, although historically that is not really the case when it comes to nature – not this year however. In Egypt, the need for high-tech solutions for nature and climate challenges was a constant refrain. The role of tech in improving transparency and accountability in monitoring supply chains (and tackling deforestation) and also in enhancing the integrity of carbon markets was evident everywhere.
Notable developments include Verra’s partnership with Pachama to pilot a digital measuring, reporting and verification platform for forest carbon. A new Forest Data Partnership was announced by WRI, FAO, USAID, Google, NASA, Unilever and the US State Department. WRI’s Land and Carbon Lab was on show demonstrating the new frontier of measuring carbon stocks and flows associated with land use.
Nature4Climate demonstrated a beta version of its new online platform (naturebase) to help decision makers implement natural climate solutions. And the new Global Renewable Energy Watch – a partnership between The Nature Conservancy, Microsoft and Planet – was also demonstrated. Capturing this emerging trend, Nature4Climate and Capital for Climate launched a report on the size and potential of the whole “nature tech” market that was discussed at an event in the Nature Zone.
7. Food finally arrives on the scene
Food was on everyone’s mind at COP27 in Egypt – but for the first time, it also made it onto the main agenda – being recognised in the final text and also with at least five event spaces solely dedicated to food and agriculture.
Important developments included the Food and Agriculture for Sustainable Transformation Initiative (FAST) launched by the Egyptian COP presidency – a multi stakeholder partnership to accelerate access to finance, build capacity and encourage policy development to ensure food security in countries most vulnerable to climate change.
Also related to food, 14 of the world’s largest agricultural trading and processing companies shared their roadmap to 1.5℃ – to mixed reactions – with detailed plans on outlining how they will remove deforestation from their agricultural commodity supply chains by 2025.
8. An increasingly blue COP
Observers have expressed encouragement at this being “an increasingly blue COP”, with the ocean called out in the final declaration and the first ever ocean pavilion in the blue zone. Several declarations reinforced the recognition of the fundamental role of the ocean in the climate system.
The critical role that Indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) play as guardians of the forest is now firmly established and beyond question. At COP27, there was a polite but palpable frustration from IPLCs that climate funds are not reaching them. This massive deficit is increasingly being acknowledged by both by Indigenous and non-Indigenous actors, with a wide range of events dedicated to this topic.
While COP27 was a good space for Indigenous and non-Indigenous actors to share knowledge, to listen deeply to one another, to build relationships, it clearly can’t be the only space. While there are a number of encouraging signs of progress, including linking IPLCs with high-integrity markets, it’s clear the clock is ticking and IPLCs are getting impatient.
Clearly we must act with urgency, but it’s critical to take the time to build trust and mutual understanding, including absolute adherence to free, prior and informed consent protocols. This is necessary so that IPLCs can decide (or not) to participate in carbon markets with transparency, full understanding, and free consent. This takes time.
10. African-led initiatives take centre stage
While this was not the “African COP” that many hoped it might be, there were still a range of significant announcements coming out of Egypt that highlighted the continent’s potential as a natural capital powerhouse. These included the launch of the Africa Carbon Markets initiative, the Declaration for the Africa Sustainable Commodities Initiative, the launch of a $2 billion African restoration fund, a funding boost for Africa’s visionary Great Green Wall initiatives, and the announcement by the Global EverGreening Alliance and Climate Impact Partners of a new partnership to up to $330 million in community-led removal programs across Africa and Asia.
The United Kingdom has reiterated its commitment to supporting Nigeria’s financial sector, particularly, the capital market in being more innovative, sustainable and resilient to emerging climate change challenges.
British Deputy High Commissioner to Nigeria, Ben Llewellyn-Jones, stated this at the unveiling of the Revised Capital Market Master Plan (RCMMP) in Lagos at the weekend.
Represented by the Head of Economic Development, Ms. Sally Woolhouse, she said the UK is poised to continue to supporting the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to deepen Nigeria’s capital markets.
According to her, “The UK government which has been a long-staying ally of the Nigerian government, is committed to supporting the country’s financial sector, particularly, the capital market in being more innovative, sustainable and resilient even as we all face emerging challenges such as climate change.
“As I have earlier mentioned, our offer covers technical support including green the capital market – Financial Sector Deepening (FSD) Africa is doing an awesome job in partnering with you to drive this mission; also, we can explore the potential strategic engagement with UK financial market institutions such as the London Stock Exchange – through which SEC could gain insight into emerging trends.
“Once again, congratulations to the Nigerian government and well done to the SEC for pulling off a commendable feat. We look forward to working more collaboratively with every partner in achieving a sustainable and resilient financial sector in Nigeria”.
In his remarks on the outcome of the Capital Market Committee Meeting, the Director General of the SEC, Lamido Yuguda, said the meeting emphasised the increasing importance of fintech, sustainable finance, financial inclusion and non-interest finance.
Yuguda said members of the CMC agreed to collectively work towards the enactment of the Investments and Securities Bill 2022, which will enhance the performance of the Nigerian capital market and align it with global best practices.
The bill seeks to improve the legal and regulatory framework that will accommodate the dynamics of the market.
The DG reiterated the commitment of management of the commission to ensure full implementation of the initiatives of the RCMMP, which would form the basis of the policy direction of the commission for the coming years
Representative of FSD Africa, Victor Nkiri said developing a capital market master plan provides a clear roadmap for the development of the capital markets holistically and realistically whilst setting clear targets and action points.
According to him, this provides positive market signalling to all financial sector players such as policymakers, potential domestic and international investors, peer regulators and ministries of finance as it provides direction for the capital market development of any country.
At An Average Investment Of USD 250 Billion Annually From 2020 To 2030
The African continent presents a massive investment opportunity for investors to advance the deployment of climate solutions in the coming decade according to a new report Climate Finance Innovation for Africa. However, this will require innovation in financing structures and the strategic deployment of public capital to ‘crowd-in’ private investment at levels not yet seen.
Current levels of climate finance in Africa fall far short of needs. Africa’s USD 2.5 trillion of climate finance needed between 2020 and 2030 requires, on average, USD 250 billion each year. Total annual climate finance flows in Africa for 2020, domestic and international, were only USD 30 billion (CPI forthcoming), about 12% of the amount needed.
Barriers related to shallow financial market depth, governance, project-specific characteristics, and enabling skills and infrastructure have stifled private investment in African climate solutions to date.
To overcome these challenges will require innovation in financing structures. But there is no one-size fits all. Public and private investors must tailor their financial instruments and strategies depending on the acute or chronic nature of the barriers identified.
Recommended actions for increasing deployment of innovative finance include:
Identify and understand barriers constraining finance by sector and geography. Private investors must have the data to assess the risks affecting each investment decision based on its geographic and sectoral context. Building on their role as a catalyst for change, public investors should then deploy capital in a targeted way to address the specific barriers constricting private investment.
Match instruments with barriers. Public and private investors must tailor their financial instruments and strategies depending on the acute or chronic- nature of the barriers identified. The framework developed in this CPI study can serve as a toolbox for investors to access when reviewing investment opportunities in climate solutions.
Match instruments with project and technology lifecycles. As climate investments are typically long-term opportunities, investors must look to deploy different financial instruments and strategies in direct response to lifecycle-dependent considerations.
Enhance engagement and co-financing with local stakeholders. International private and public investors must work in collaboration with local stakeholders. This can help build capacity among local investors and inform targeted action by governments to improve investment performance.
Support innovation by establishing conducive policy and regulatory frameworks. Governance barriers remain one of the key impediments to sourcing climate finance in Africa. Most importantly, policymakers and regulators can foster climate finance innovation by adopting policy frameworks and long-term roadmaps.
This work provides a framework for how these instruments and strategies can be efficiently deployed to overcome barriers to finance and capitalise climate solutions in Africa. Real-world examples include:
TerraFund for AFR 100 has deployed a standardized process to deploy early-stage catalytic finance and technical assistance to spur the growth of grassroots innovators operating in the challenging land restoration sub-sector. It has mobilized USD 20 million in its initial round of investment, doubling the fundraising target it set out to raise over three years in 2020.
The Sub-National Climate Finance Initiative’s use of blended private equity and technical assistance to overcome the project and governance barriers facing investment in mid-sized climate infrastructure projects. To date, it has secured USD 150 million in funding for its blended equity fund.
Revego Africa Energy’s strategy of aggregating a diversified portfolio of operating renewable energy assets into Africa’s first YieldCo to attract investment from key/blue chip institutional investors. With support from a public-private partnership between Macquarie and the UK Government, Revego has secured institutional capital from one of the largest pension funds in South Africa.
This brief provides an overview of financial and non-financial solutions to address sector specific barriers. It provides six groups of practical instruments: non-tradable finance instruments; capital market instruments; result-based finance instruments; risk mitigation instruments; structured finance mechanisms and non-financial tools. Each of these tools has the potential to address one or more of the barriers currently hindering climate investments in Africa.
Several venture capital firms are actively hunting startups while others are building up their war chests to capitalise on existing opportunities – including the take-over of successful and promising energy startups.
Nairobi. Startups working to mitigate climate change in Africa have caught the eye of investors as venture funds flow into technology that could shape the future of energy on the continent.
Investment into African tech startups that focus on mitigating climate change is beginning to rise, following a global trend – albeit at much lower valuations than elsewhere.
Since the start of the year, green tech startups offering solutions that help countries keep to the Paris Agreement’s goal of limiting global warming to below 1.5 degrees Celsius have attracted growing investor interest.
Several venture capital firms are actively hunting startups while others are building up their war chests to capitalise on existing opportunities – including the take-over of successful and promising energy startups.
The recent acquisition of Ghana-based solar energy startup, PEG Africa, by UK-based power company, Bboxx is among the most significant deals in this vertical, so far.
PEG, with a pay-as-you-go solar home system, has a customer reach of one million. The company, already present in Senegal, Ghana, Mali and Ivory Coast, is served by over 500 employees in 100 centres. Reports value the deal at US$ 200 million.
“The agreement was closed on 6th September 2022. Financials have not been disclosed,” said Bboxx in a statement.
Following the deal, the two became the fastest-growing clean energy firms on the continent, with a combined customer base of 3.5 million across 10 African countries.
Canadian investor FinDev Canada pumped US$ 13 million into the Energy Entrepreneurs Growth Fund (EEGF) in January. EEGF invests in early and growth-stage energy startups in sub-Saharan Africa.
The fund – founded by oil marketer Shell – seeks to increase access to clean energy for households and off-grid businesses in the region.
Two months ago, Africa’s Climate Venture Builder, Persistent Energy, closed a $10 million series C funding round to strengthen its team and scale climate activities in Africa. It said the funding has the potential to improve 2 million lives, create 6,000 green jobs and cut 700,000 tonnes of carbon emission.
“By leveraging powerful partnerships, we will be able to accelerate our most pioneering venture building investments, driving the transition to clean energy, promoting e-mobility and finding innovative business models and technological developments across the continent,” said Persistent Managing Partner, Tobias Ruckstuhl.
Over the last two decades, Persistent has engaged in 22 early-stage investments in pay-as-you-go- solar home systems, commercial and industrial solar, as well as e-mobility players including Kenya’s e-mobility startup, Ecobodaa.
Boston-based venture accelerator, Catalyst Fund has announced plans to begin funding Fintech and climate resilience startups in Africa starting October 2022.
“We are actively looking for early-stage startups that improve the resilience of underserved and climate-vulnerable communities in emerging markets. Our next cohort will kick off in October 2022,” announced the venture firm.
It is looking for startups offering solutions in recycling, sustainable agriculture, carbon credits and sustainable utilities like water management and clean energy. Already, the fund has received $3.5 million from FSD Africa to support these initiatives.
Research firm Magnitt, shows energy startups raised hundreds of millions of dollars in the first half of 2022. Africa energy startups drove 67 percent of this capital.
A comparative report, State of Climate Tech 2021 by advisory firm PwC also highlights the growing attractiveness of the sector across the globe.
According to the report, investments in climate tech surged in the first half of 2021, to US$ 87.5 billion globally, from a low of US$ 28 billion in the second half of 2020.
“Though this area presents a major commercial opportunity, due to the inherent value associated with reducing emissions, there is still much work to be done to channel this investment appropriately,” said PwC researchers.
US climate tech firms raised the largest share (US$ 56.6billion), followed by Europe and China (US$ 18.3 billion and US$ 9 billion respectively). Most of this capital funding growth targetted electric vehicles.
Environmental Advocacy groups including the Lekki Bird Club, Green Action, the Nigerian Conservation Foundation and Green Fingers Wildlife Initiative have raised awareness of the value of wetlands to Lagos State and Nigeria.
This was the highlight of the Photography Exhibition themed, “Wetlands for Man and Biodiversity”, hosted by the Deputy British High Commissioner in Lagos, Ben Llewellyn-Jones.
Foremost Environmentalist, Mr Desmond Majekodunmi of Lufasi Conservation Park spoke on the importance of bringing “Our collective attention and awareness to the ongoing deforestation of the Lagos wetlands and the important role they play in our environmental and economic progress in Lagos”.
He said: “What people see as swampy, stagnant water is key to many facets of our city life such as being a natural, low-cost wastewater treatment, flood mitigation, climate control and even providing a natural breeding ground that supports our fishing populations.”
Majekodunmi also warned that “We are, however, close to losing most of our natural wetlands due to factors like overpopulation and the need for more housing which has led to the sand filling of some of these wetlands to accommodate the housing needs of urban Lagos.
“However, when a wetland is sand-filled, the soil hardens and it loses the ability to prevent flooding; instead, it makes flooding worse. This is particularly important for Lagos, where the total economic losses due to flooding across the state have been estimated at $4 billion per year, which is 4.1 per cent of the state’s GDP or 1.0 per cent of the national GDP.”
This exhibition is the second in the awareness campaign organized by the environmentalists for the National Theatre Igamu wetlands. The first was a 3-day exhibition held in July this year and was visited by the British High Commissioner, Catriona Laing CB, environmentalists, the press and schools from the local area.
The National Theatre is currently being renovated into a world-class space for creatives by the Bankers Committee and the various stakeholders are excited about this development as it presents an opportunity to showcase the mangroves and the beauty they add to the Lagos environment.
It also allows the developers the opportunity to set the standard on how to sustainably develop in urban areas whilst restoring the integrity of the wetlands.
Thus creating a world-class wetlands education centre within the National Theatre that will be used by schools, students, researchers, eco-tourists and Lagos residents. This approach would help to educate people about the value of wetlands, mangroves, and associated wildlife and enable them to experience the wetlands.
It is therefore important to ensure that the National Theatre wetlands are restored to create one of Africa’s best practice wetlands in line with models such as the London Wetland Centre and the Panama Bay Wetland (Tocumen International Airport) creating a culture of sustainability in Lagos which would inspire the leaders of tomorrow across Africa.
The British High Commissioner, Ben Llewelyn-Jones said: “Protection and restoration of critical ecosystems such as wetlands require international cooperation, policy-making, capacity building, and technology transfer.
In January 2021, the UK announced a commitment of at least £3 billion from our existing commitment of £11.6bn for international climate finance.
This money has been earmarked for climate change solutions that protect biodiversity-rich land and ocean ecosystems, and support livelihoods.
Llewelyn-Jones added: “In Nigeria, we are collaborating with the Federal and State Governments, as well as Civil Society Organisations to create the enabling environment and fundamental drivers that are key to conservation and the sustainable use of nature.
“Through the UK-funded FSD Africa program, we are committed to supporting the Lagos State Government’s initiative to build a sustainable, and flood-resilient mega city; by helping to mobilise green financing via the capital market and insurance industry.”
This article was submitted to TechCabal by Conrad Onyango, bird story agency*
Investment into African tech startups that focus on mitigating climbing change is beginning to rise, following a global trend – albeit at much lower valuations than elsewhere.
Since the start of the year, green tech startups offering solutions that help countries keep to the Paris Agreement’s goal of limiting global warming to below 1.5 degrees Celsius have attracted growing investor interest.
Several venture capital firms are actively hunting startups while others are building up their war chests to capitalise on existing opportunities – including the take-over of successful and promising energy startups.
The recent acquisition of Ghana-based solar energy startup, PEG Africa, by UK-based power company, Bboxx is among the most significant deals in this vertical, so far.
PEG, with a pay-as-you-go solar home system, has a customer reach of one million. The company, already present in Senegal, Ghana, Mali and Ivory Coast, is served by over 500 employees in 100 centres. Reports value the deal at US$ 200 million.
“The agreement was closed on 6th September 2022. Financials have not been disclosed,” said Bboxx in a statement.
Following the deal, the two became the fastest-growing clean energy firms on the continent, with a combined customer base of 3.5 million across 10 African countries.
Canadian investor FinDev Canada pumped US$ 13 million into the Energy Entrepreneurs Growth Fund (EEGF) in January. EEGF invests in early and growth-stage energy startups in sub-Saharan Africa.
The fund – founded by oil marketer Shell – seeks to increase access to clean energy for households and off-grid businesses in the region.
Two months ago, Africa’s Climate Venture Builder, Persistent Energy, closed a US $ 10 million series C funding round to strengthen its team and scale climate activities in Africa. It said the funding has the potential to improve 2 million lives, create 6,000 green jobs and cut 700,000 tonnes of carbon emission.
“By leveraging powerful partnerships, we will be able to accelerate our most pioneering venture building investments, driving the transition to clean energy, promoting e-mobility and finding innovative business models and technological developments across the continent,” said Persistent Managing Partner, Tobias Ruckstuhl.
Over the last two decades, Persistent has engaged in 22 early-stage investments in pay-as-you-go- solar home systems, commercial and industrial solar, as well as e-mobility players including Kenya’s e-mobility startup, Ecobodaa.
Boston-based venture accelerator, Catalyst Fund has announced plans to begin funding Fintech and climate resilience startups in Africa starting October 2022.
“We are actively looking for early-stage startups that improve the resilience of underserved and climate-vulnerable communities in emerging markets. Our next cohort will kick off in October 2022,” announced the venture firm.
It is looking for startups offering solutions in recycling, sustainable agriculture, carbon credits and sustainable utilities like water management and clean energy. Already, the fund has received US $ 3.5 million from FSD Africa to support these initiatives.
Research firm Magnitt, shows energy startups raised hundreds of millions of dollars in the first half of 2022. Africa energy startups drove 67 percent of this capital.
A comparative report, State of Climate Tech 2021 by advisory firm PwC also highlights the growing attractiveness of the sector across the globe.
According to the report, investments in climate tech surged in the first half of 2021, to US$ 87.5 billion globally, from a low of US$ 28 billion in the second half of 2020.
“Though this area presents a major commercial opportunity, due to the inherent value associated with reducing emissions, there is still much work to be done to channel this investment appropriately,” said PwC researchers.
US climate tech firms raised the largest share (US$ 56.6billion), followed by Europe and China (US$ 18.3 billion and US$ 9 billion respectively). Most of this capital funding growth targetted electric vehicles.
If Africa is to meet its 2030 climate goals and implement the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDCs), climate finance on the continent must hit $277 billion, a new study on the Landscape of Climate Finance in Africa says.
The study, commissioned by the Financial Sector Deepening Africa, the Children’s Investment Fund Foundation, and UK Aid finds that total annual climate finance flows in Africa – both domestic and international was $30 billion, which is just 11 percent of the needed $277 billion.
‘How to fund sustainable growth in Africa’ was a recent event held at London Business School’s Sammy Ofer Centre by the Royal African Society (RAS) and Standard Chartered which saw Bill Winters, CEO of Standard Chartered, in conversation with Arunma Oteh, OON, Chair of the RAS, about how to fund sustainable growth in Africa. The event was supported by London Business School’s Wheeler Institute for Business and Development and the LBS Africa Club.
The issue of sustainable growth is a significantly important topic for investors, banks and corporates around the world. Promoting sustainable finance to emerging economies is a growing priority for the global investment community, bringing together public and private sectors to ignite and grow climate and environmental finance, promote good governance, and support broader development goals. Standard Chartered Bank’s CEO Bill Winters addressed these issues and more on 5 October, and later engaged in discussion Royal African Society Chairperson Arunma Oteh.
Africa’s massive financing gap
The UN’s Economic Report on Africa 2020 estimated that the continent needed about $1.3tn a year to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, a figure that could increase by 50% to $19.5tn as a result of population growth. A more recent report by Climate Policy Initiative (CPI), funded by CIFF and FSD Africa, Climate Finance Needs of African Countries, has estimated that the cost of implementing the continent’s NDCs (nationally determined contributions) under the Paris Agreement could be around $2.8tn between 2020 and 2030; the UN now estimates the figure to be over $3tn over the same period.
It is not fair or possible for Africa to meet these funding requirements. Africa accounts for only 2-3% of current global emissions (and about the same level of cumulative emissions) and yet is the continent most at risk from climate change. CPI’s report explains that African governments have committed $264bn of domestic resources for implementing NDCs, leaving a funding gap of $2.5tn. In comparison, the combined annual GDP across the continent is $2.4tn. If African countries were to fund the gap themselves, the annual expenditure of $250bn would more than double their combined spending on health. The CPI report notes, however, that “total annual climate finance flows in Africa, for 2020, domestic and international, were only $30bn, about 12% of the amount needed,” and that “most current climate financing in Africa is from public actors (87%).” In other words, there is a pressing need for much greater involvement of private finance in closing the funding gap.
Attracting private finance
For Standard Charters’ Bill Winters, there are three things that are required to access private finance at scale:
First, there needs to be continued development of a set of agreed standards against which to measure projects and their impacts. CPI’s report (cited above) emphasises the need to improve the quality and granularity of the data on the financing needs of each country, classifying them by economic sector and subsector and by public and private sources of finance.
Second, there needs to be a more effective model for public-private partnerships with MDBs (multilateral development banks). At present, there are two main challenges – the scale of MDB financing available and the ratio of private to public funds in the projects. Winters explained that MDBs currently contribute around $9bn annually (out of a total requirement of $1.3tn) and that for every 95c received from the World Bank only around $1 of private capital is contributed. When asked in the discussion’s Q&A session what he would do if he were newly elected president of a US MLB, he said he would ask his shareholders for at least a doubling of capital, request permission to increase funding for sustainable projects by fifteen times, and tell them that the expected loss on those projects would need to increase from approximately zero to 6-7%, the loss rate one would expect from a risky tranche of such projects. In this way, public financing would be catalysing, rather than substituting.
Finally, non-bank capital needs to be accessed at scale. With less than 2% of the AUM of the 300 largest asset managers targeted at Africa, there is scope for much greater involvement of private investors, but only if the products available can be standardised, understandable and rated.
The potential global benefits of Africa’s sustainable growth
A recent Standard Chartered report, Just in Time, has estimated that developing markets, of which Africa represents a large proportion, need $95tn between now and Net Zero. If the countries were to fund it themselves through taxation and borrowing, it could reduce household consumption by an estimated 5% p.a. This would be an especially unfair burden, given Africa’s low contribution to global emissions. If funded by public and private capital from developed countries, on the other hand, GDP could be increased by 3.1% in emerging markets and 2% worldwide (equivalent to $108tn to 2060). This would represent a welcome contribution to global growth in the mid-21st century.
Net Zero and Africa’s energy policy
During a Q&A session moderated by Arunma Oteh, Winters was asked about how the drive for Net Zero would affect the nearly 800 million people with no access to electricity, many of whom are in countries looking to increase the levels of emissions-generating industrial, educational and urban activities as part of their growth agendas. Winters acknowledged that Africa’s power deficit was enormous and that a just transition must be central to any successful sustainability action, and he accepted that the strong economic growth that was on offer would also entail a rise in emissions, before a reduction. But, given the target of a 45% reduction in emissions by 2030, he hoped that big investments in better power, manufacturing and agriculture would be made now. When asked specifically about natural gas, Winters explained that – as in the IEA’s likely scenario – gas usage would increase due to underlying growth and would represent an essential transition fuel for the continent.
COP26 and the Taskforce on Scaling Voluntary Carbon Markets
When reflecting on COP26, Winters felt that notable successes had been achieving greater involvement of the private sector, developing a clearer model for public-private relationships (and in the process overcoming some initial antagonism between the parties) and establishing good frameworks for measurement and assessment. One of the areas in which he felt there was more to do was Article 6 on market mechanisms and non-market approaches. COP26 saw the adoption of guidance, rules, modalities and procedures to be overseen by a Supervisory Board, and the introduction of instruments (ITMOs) similar to carbon credits in the voluntary carbon markets, but there remain some areas to clarify around past credits and the potential for double counting, amongst others.
Winters was then asked about his role as Chair of the Taskforce on Scaling Voluntary Carbon Markets (TSVCM), the private sector-led initiative working to scale an efficient and effective voluntary carbon market. He explained that it contains 450 members from a range of fields – NGOs, academia, private sector actors, including emitters, and intermediaries – who are seeking to get tens or hundreds of millions of dollars into environments at risk and to incentivise the development of carbon-reducing technologies that would otherwise lack investment. The first focus of these activities has been the Amazon, the Congo Basin and the Indonesian rainforests, currently home to the world’s largest existing carbon sinks.
Looking ahead to COP27
Oteh then asked Winters about his thoughts on COP27 and what his criteria for success would be for that meeting. He hoped to see ongoing focus on public-private partnerships, that is, an acknowledgement that the problem was too large to be solved by either party alone. Then he asked for greater specificity in the definitions in Article 6 about how national accounting reconciles to carbon markets. Finally, he said that governments had to deliver the funds they promised, if they were to have any chance of catalysing private sector financing in the volumes required.
Overall, Winters was positive that the required momentum was building behind this issue. As we look forward to COP27 and think about Africa’s journey towards sustainable growth, both he and Oteh were optimistic that Governments and MDBs can catalyse private sector finance to enable a just transition top Net Zero on the continent. We will be watching COP27 to see whether these hopes are realised.
This event was curated by the Royal African Society (RAS) and Standard Chartered and supported by the Wheeler Institute for Business and Development and the LBS Africa Club.
David Jones MBA 2022 is a Classics graduate and has worked as a teacher in Malawi, an accountant at Deloitte and in the finance function at the Science Museum in London. He completed an internship with the Wheeler Institute’s Development Impact Platform in Zambia over summer 2021 and is now continuing as an intern for the Wheeler Institute, contributing to the creation of content that amplifies the role of business in improving lives.
