Pillar: Financial Markets

Technical Assistance Grant Signing Ceremony with Dhamana Guarantee Company

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UK-KENYA PARTNERSHIP REACHES FURTHER MILESTONE FOR LONG-TERM CLIMATE FINACE SOLUTIONS IN KENYA

  • Investors back Dhamana Guarantee Company’s work to transform East Africa’s financial landscape.
  • Tackling climate change given another boost in Kenya as, for second time in a week, a UK-Government backed investor in green finance solutions puts pen to paper.

Monday 30 September 2024 – the Dhamana Guarantee Company Ltd (Dhamana) has reached a major milestone, marked at an event in Nairobi today.

Investors in the new company put pen to paper at a signing ceremony, which will allow the company to kick-start operations.

Dhamana aims to mobilise private sector finance to support the development of sustainable growth businesses. It will do so by issuing guarantees to commercially viable projects, businesses, and institutions that tackle the climate crisis and make progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The design and creation of the company was supported by the UK-Government backed investor the Private Infrastructure Development Group (PIDG) through InfraCo Africa.  With its anchor investment, PIDG kick-started Dhamana, attracting further investment from the African Development Bank (AfDB) and County Pension Fund Financial Services (CPF), with support provided by Cardano Development and FSD Africa.

The project will target businesses that add value to people’s lives, improving the day-to-day life of Kenyans. The increase in affordable finance for Kenyan businesses will mean projects will require less capital to get off the ground, make money, and generate growth. Dhamana will also enable investors to diversify their portfolios, acting as a catalyst to transform East Africa’s financing landscape.

This is the second time in a week that an investor in climate solutions backed by the UK Government has achieved a milestone. Last week, MOBILIST signed a partnership with the Nairobi Securities Exchange, which aims to drive the listing of new investment products in the Kenyan market and increase the amount of private sector capital available for development and climate projects in Kenya and drive growth.

Dhamana CEO, Christopher Olobo, said, “With the support of our investors and supporters, the Private Infrastructure Development Group (PIDG), Cardano Development, FSD Africa, CPF Financial Services, and the African Development Bank (AfDB), we have worked to develop Dhamana as an important catalyst for long-term sustainable finance in the region. Dhamana’s local currency guarantees will connect pools of untapped capital with East Africa’s real economy, making a tangible difference to people’s lives and offering local investors the opportunity to invest in Paris-aligned initiatives.” 

Speaking after the event, PIDG CEO, Philippe Valahu said, “Building on the success of other PIDG-supported credit enhancement facilities in Nigeria and Pakistan, Dhamana will demonstrate the value of such a facility in the East African market, opening up opportunities for investors and clients alike. Crucially, Dhamana will engage new partners and investors in our efforts to urgently address the climate crisis and accelerate delivery of the UN sustainable development goals.”

How capital markets can enable gendered socio-economic progress

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Imagine a world where millions of ingenious women in Africa have the resources to turn their ideas into thriving businesses. That is the future FSD Africa is working towards, and capital markets are the key. This isn’t boring financial jargon. We are talking about unlocking the potential of entire communities.

Before the Covid-19 pandemic, women-owned businesses in sub-Saharan Africa faced a staggering funding gap of $42 billion while the total financing needs for 128 developing countries was a staggering $5.2 trillion[1]. Though these numbers might have shifted slightly in the past four years, the challenges posed by post-pandemic economic recovery likely have not made things easier. Women are disproportionately affected by issues like lack of clean water and access to clean cooking solutions. Hours spent fetching water or gathering fuel are hours lost for education, work and family. Women make up nearly 70% of the workforce in agriculture yet receive only 7% of investments.

But here’s the good news: things are changing. On the 19th of February 2024, FSD Africa launched a game-changer – the Africa Gender Bonds toolkit – which is not just a resource, but a cheat sheet for unlocking the power of capital markets to support women in Africa. This is just one way that FSD Africa is playing its part in strengthening sustainable financial markets as a key tool to reduce barriers facing women in Africa, particularly women in business.

We have seen many efforts in trying to solve for gender inclusion, particularly inclusion of women in the finance sector. While much is being done as to how to tailor financial products to attract women more as a customer segment; there is less effort when it comes to thinking about investor incentives. How do we unlock more financing from investors to flow to women businesses? Which incentives need to be in place to mobilise and catalyse more gender responsive financing from capital markets in Africa? This is a key piece of the puzzle that we are committed to helping solve. We believe that leveraging capital markets in capital mobilisation for gender offers us a blank slate where creativity and innovation can flourish in integrating gender metrics and considerations into the design of capital mobilisation vehicles.

Real stories, real impact

In the past half a decade, like-minded institutions, have significantly increased their efforts to anchor investments in gender-intentional capital mobilisation vehicles such as gender bond issuances that tap into investor incentives. These partnerships have sparked remarkable catalytic and demonstrative change. Take, for instance, our support to NMB Bank Plc in issuing the Jasiri Bond, Sub-Saharan Africa’s first publicly listed gender bond. According to the first Jasiri Bond impact report, the response was overwhelming—it was oversubscribed by a staggering 197%, drawing in 1,630 investors, 99% of whom were individuals. Here’s the best part: 97% of the loans went to women! That’s thousands of women empowered to chase their dreams and build a brighter future for themselves and their families. Such partnerships exemplify the power of collaboration in driving tangible impact and advancing gender equality in finance.

And it’s not just about businesses. Bonds issued in sectors with high female participation can also strengthen capital mobilisation for gender benefits. For example, UNICEF estimates that women and girls globally spend 200 million hours per day fetching water for household consumption. In Sub-Saharan Africa, a single trip to collect water takes an average of 33 minutes in rural areas and 25 minutes in urban areas. This takes time away from productive economic activities, education, and leisure, and increases exposure to gender-based violence. In the energy sector, the Clean Cooking Alliance estimates that women and girls spend up to 5 hours per day gathering fuel or spend a significant portion of household income to buy it. Imagine if we used capital markets to issue water bonds to improve water infrastructure, or clean cooking bonds to finance cleaner energy solutions. The impact of women’s lives would be transformative.

Building the bridge together

In this regard, we have continued to support our partners in bringing innovative financial tools to market to mobilise gender-responsive finance. For instance, in 2021, we supported Banque Central Populaire in Morocco issue the first gender bond in Morocco, raising about US$ 20.4 million to provide 17,080 microcredit loans to economically disadvantaged urban and rural women.  We also provided technical assistance for a US$ 10million green bond issuance by Burn Manufacturing to support clean cooking in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most recently in 2024, we supported the Tanga Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authority in Tanzania in the first ever water green bond in Africa, aimed at improving sustainable water supply and environmental conservation within Tanga city and nearby townships. To support more of these issuances FSD Africa in collaboration with UN Women, BII, and FSD Network designed the gender bonds toolkit to equip both issuers and investors with the tools they need to make gender-responsive finance a reality.

As we champion for more incentives and instruments to mobilise gender-responsive finance through capital markets, we recognise that proper impact measurement and management are crucial for understanding the outcomes and impact of gender-responsive finance through capital markets, requiring accurate data collection and performance insights. Globally, we see that gender-disaggregated data is sparse and weak; thus, these issuances present an opportunity to strengthen the collection and management of gender-disaggregated data. As a guide, issuers and investors can look to the gender bonds toolkit outlines considerations and use-case examples to demystify the post-issuance reporting stage.

At FSD Africa, we are championing for capital markets as an enabler of gender-responsive finance. By sharing our experiences, insights and best practices with issuers and investors, we can significantly boost gender-focused capital for African businesses.

[1] https://www.ifc.org/content/dam/ifc/doc/mgrt/2020-12-call-for-insights-e-publication.pdf

[2] Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, and expectations that societies assign to individuals based on their perceived sex.  Gender disaggregated data separates information based on these societal roles and expectations. It goes a step further to explore the ‘why’.

 

Mobilising Domestic Capital to Drive Climate-positive Growth

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TOP LINES: WHY IT MATTERS

Action Plan To Unlock $17 Trillion In Emerging Markets For Climate-Positive Growth

Only 5% Of Development Finance Is In Local Currency; Scaling Targeted Solutions To Mobilise Domestic Capital Could Halve Annual Climate Finance Gap

President Biden and Kenya’s President William Ruto met in the lead-up to the AfDB Annual Meetings – announcing the “Nairobi-Washington Vision” as a call to action to the international community to provide coordinated packages of financing support on better terms, to provide forms of debt relief and to crowd in private investment to address global challenges like climate action. The Vision describes expanded support to developing countries through efforts to reform the MDBs and unlock new lending and IDA funding. The Vision’s support packages will miss a major opportunity if they don’t put mobilising domestic capital at their heart – including the $2.3 trillion in private AUM on the African continent.

THE ANALYSIS: WHAT DOES THE REPORT SAY?

Some of the best climate investment opportunities are in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) – especially in clean energy, low carbon transport, regenerative agriculture and green manufacturing.

Most of these opportunities can be financed by the private sector – yet there is still a $1.8 trillion financing gap each year for climate in EMDEs.

Most of the capital currently financing climate activities in EMDEs comes from international sources, with real barriers to scale. Meanwhile, less than 1% comes from the domestic private sector

A new report from Systemiq’s Blended Finance Taskforce and FSD Africa shows that scaling domestic investment for climate will be critical to tackle the financing gap. It estimates that there is around $17 trillion of domestic private capital under management in EMDEs, which could triple to $45 trillion by 2040.

At this growth rate, mobilising just 20% of this domestic capital could halve the annual $1.8 trillion climate finance gap in EMDEs. This could create a virtuous cycle of growth, helping create jobs, build economic resilience, deepen local financial markets and tackle debt burdens. But this will not be easy. Today, only a fraction of this $17 trillion goes into climate action: 80% of clean energy is financed by the private sector in developed countries; in Africa it is less than 12% and the proportion of domestic private capital is even lower.

The report lays out a plan for coordinated action to help mobilise domestic capital for climate action in EMDEs. It calls on multilateral development banks, regulators, governments and the private sector to do three things: First, grow the pipeline of climate-positive assets – by laying out national investment plans for climate positive growth (as has been done by Brazil with its Ecological Transformation Plan, in Namibia with its green hydrogen

economy strategy and in Bangladesh with its Climate Prosperity Plan) and building capacity with domestic investors around climate-relevant asset classes, especially infrastructure.

Second, deepen financial markets – focusing on increasing size and liquidity and ensuring the enabling environment is supportive is key. Often, geography, liquidity or asset class mandates prevent regional investment by domestic investors.

Third, design and deploy catalytic capital more effectively – including from multilateral development banks and donors. Less than 5% of development finance is in local currency and blended finance offerings which are designed to unlock private capital by tackling challenges like technology or counterparty risk are mostly focused on international investors. Scaling local currency offerings, replicating what is already working (e.g. local currency guarantee products offered by GuarantCo companies) and ensuring international investors are more actively targeting solutions for domestic pension funds can immediately make an outsized difference. African financial institutions are preparing to drive this change. Within Kenya, President Ruto’s focus on climate-positive growth and the mobilisation of institutional capital for infrastructure through the Kenya Pension Fund Investment Consortium (KEPFIC) are bright examples. Across the continent, the African Development Bank is driving progress in this area through initiatives such as the Climate Action Window and the Climate for Development Special Fund. Other stakeholders, such as FSD Africa, the PIDG Group, and Africa50, are making strides in unlocking domestic capital through targeted de-risking and technical assistance instruments. However, the researchers heard that many African pension funds that want to invest more locally find their options limited.

Scaling these efforts will be essential to capture Africa’s climate investment opportunities – and address the continent’s need for climate adaptation and mitigation. Mobilising domestic capital for climate-positive growth will give Africa’s economies greater autonomy over their sustainable future.

THE CONTEXT: THE REPORT AND THE AFDB MEETINGS

International financial system reform will be a priority in Nairobi, with debt sustainability, access to concessional financing, and improving risk ratings of countries all on the table. The report demonstrates how national action plans can remove systemic barriers within national financial systems and reduce reliance on external debt through increased domestic capital mobilisation. And it shows how international catalytic finance stakeholders can act now to alleviate these barriers by scaling local currency financing, which was a mere 5% of official development financing in 2022.

QUOTES Katherine Stodulka, Chair of the Blended Finance Taskforce, said:

“Mobilising 20% of the growing pools of domestic capital can create a ‘positive tipping point’ for long-lasting sustainable development and growth in emerging markets”. “This is a win-win – and the international community must prioritise domestic capital mobilisation in all its discussions around scaling blended finance, debt sustainability and MDB reform”

Evans Osano, Director of Capital Markets at FSD Africa, said:

“Change is already happening – we now need to move fast to replicate what is working to accelerate domestic investment in domestic climate assets. This report explains what different actors can do to make it happen.”

Pan African Fund Managers Association (PAFMA) Welcomes New Members in Ongoing Drive to Bolster Climate Finance in Africa

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Nairobi, 30th May 2024 – The Pan African Fund Managers Association (PAFMA), an esteemed trade association dedicated to enhancing climate finance across the African continent, proudly announces the addition of new members to its esteemed roster. Since its landmark introduction at the Africa Climate Summit in 2023, PAFMA has rapidly grown, now boasting nine members representing 16 African countries and 231 fund managers, collectively overseeing assets under management (AUM) exceeding US$120 billion.

The new members are the Association of Moroccan Companies and Investment Funds (ASFIM), the Namibia Savings and Investment Association (NaSIA), the Association of Investment Managers of Zimbabwe (AIMZ) and the Association des Societes de Gestion et de Patrimoine (ASGOP) de l’UEMOA.

Africa stands at a critical juncture, facing monumental financing gaps to achieve its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. With a staggering requirement of US$1.2 trillion, alongside an annual climate financing need nearing USD 300 billion, the imperative for mobilising significant capital for development priorities has never been more pressing.

PAFMA emerges as a beacon of hope in this landscape, spearheading efforts to bridge the chasm in climate finance through private sector initiatives. Central to its mission is the promotion of alternative investments, with a strategic emphasis on green finance, heralded as a catalyst for propelling diverse sectors of the economy forward. By championing these alternative avenues, PAFMA envisages stimulating job creation and bolstering income generation across the continent.

In its endeavor to realise these ambitions, PAFMA is committed to pioneering localised research initiatives and fostering a knowledge-sharing culture and capacity-building among fund managers. This initiative aims to empower fund managers to assess and engage in investment opportunities within regions and countries where their presence was previously limited.

Furthermore, PAFMA assumes the mantle of a proactive advocate, offering invaluable policy insights and championing the interests of its members in both regional and international forums. The association fosters a conducive environment for collaboration and networking among fund managers from diverse African landscapes, facilitating the exchange of ideas and best practices.

Simultaneously, as Africa witnesses a surge in domestic institutional capital, estimated between USD 1-1.4 trillion, PAFMA recognises the untapped potential of harnessing local institutional capital to bolster the continent’s development agenda. Unlocking this reservoir of private sector finance will complement constrained public finance, amplifying local currency financing and fortifying Africa’s journey towards sustainable development.

FSD Africa launches feasibility study on innovative approaches to transferring MDBs capital to the private sector

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Nairobi, 30 May, 2024 – Africa’s development needs demand innovative financing solutions to bridge a staggering US$1.2 trillion gap for achieving its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, alongside an annual climate financing need of nearly USD 300 billion. In response to this challenge, FSD Africa has secured funding from the Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) Challenge Fund seeded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Open Society Foundations, and The Rockefeller Foundation, to spearhead a pioneering project: the “Local Currency Solution for Multilateral Development Bank Portfolio Transfer” (the ‘Project’). It is very pleased to announce the release of its feasibility study report.

In June 2023, FSD Africa received funding to develop the project. Since then, it FSD Africa has conducted a comprehensive feasibility assessment and engaged in market-sounding conversations with MDBs, institutional investors, fund managers, investment banks, and other stakeholders. Today, it presents the findings of this assessment on the sidelines of the African Development Bank Annual Meetings in Nairobi.

The report explores innovative approaches to optimising MDB’s capital efficiency by partially transferring MDB-originated assets to local institutional investors on African capital markets, thereby enriching domestic capital markets and creating a new asset class for domestic institutional investors. It also investigates novel methods for transferring MDB-funded projects and portfolios to the private sector through local currency solutions. As a development finance agency, FSD Africa is committed to deepening domestic capital markets in smaller emerging economies and providing institutional investors, especially pension funds, with enhanced opportunities to invest in highly rated assets.

The project targets long-term investment needs, focusing on critical areas such as climate risk mitigation, renewable energy, infrastructure, urban development, and housing. By transferring parts of MDBs’ portfolios to local institutional investors in emerging markets, the initiative aims to unlock MDBs’ capital and expand the scope and size of their developmental mandate while also fostering domestic capital markets in Africa.

The feasibility study, developed by FSD Africa, delves into understanding the landscape of alternative investments in Africa, institutional investors’ appetite for such investments, and regulatory requirements and constraints. Additionally, as part of the pilot to be rolled out in the next phase of this project, FSD Africa will co-design the structure of a fund for portfolio transfer, aiming to institutionalize the MDB asset transfer process and thereby empower MDBs to provide more financing to developing and emerging economies.

The study focuses on seven key African countries: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal, and Cote D’Ivoire, leveraging their relatively deep institutional investor base. Operational (brownfield) assets funded by MDBs in these countries will be identified for transfer.

“Addressing Africa’s critical development needs demands a transformative departure from conventional financing strategies. We must harness domestic institutional capital as a catalyst for change, complementing limited public funds and broadening access to local currency financing. This calls for an unconventional business approach, forging new asset classes, partnerships, and facilitators to mobilise capital effectively. Innovative mechanisms optimising MDBs’ capital efficiency and bolstering domestic markets pave the way for fresh investment opportunities, propelling Africa’s development agenda forward.” – Mark Napier, CEO of FSD Africa.

The study findings will be disseminated among stakeholders in the pilot countries, local institutional investors, and MDBs to gain endorsement and facilitate the implementation of the portfolio transfer model. This initiative marks a significant step towards leveraging local resources to drive Africa’s development.

Why African capital markets need an unshakeable foundation

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Ever wondered what policemen, electoral commissions, regulatory bodies and parents have in common? You guessed it, they enforce norms in the spheres of their influence, a crucial role I deeply respect from my almost nine years as a staff member at a financial sector regulator.  I will explain why.

Regulation is an art, not a science

Enforcing norms and legal rules in any sector is about striking the perfect balance. Overregulation can stifle innovation, while insufficient regulation can encourage malpractice.  My previous experience at the Capital Markets Authority, Kenya involved gatekeeping roles similar to those of an immigration officer, ensuring only qualified participants entered the market. I was also involved in the development process for various pieces of capital market and broader financial sector legislation.  This practice highlighted the artful nature of regulation – balancing enforcement with facilitation to foster market integrity and trust.

Challenges in African markets

Unlike developed markets, capital market regulators in Africa have the dual mandate of regulation and development. Developing these markets requires specialised skills and significant resources in human, financial and IT capacities.  This is something that regulators understand very well – and it falls on all African governments and policymakers to appreciate this as well.  Reason being, capital markets are built on trust – market players must have confidence in the way the market is run, giving credence to how it operates.  Effective market regulation hinges on the ability to detect and respond swiftly to fraud and misconduct.  It requires strong regulatory frameworks and the right tools.  Specialised skills are also required.  These cost a lot but are necessary for market confidence and functionality.

The benefits of well-regulated markets

When markets are well run, everyone benefits, from issuers seeking capital to investors looking for returns. Where markets function optimally, they mobilise long-term capital in local currency to power the real economy.  For example, enabling a water company to raise USD 20m for water infrastructure maintenance and water conservation efforts in Tanzania or mobilising USD 95m to finance a green mobility project in Morocco. This showcases successful capital mobilisation for significant projects and the immense opportunity to replicate it.

The broader context

While regulation is important, it is not the sole factor. A stable political environment and conducive macroeconomic conditions contribute to a thriving capital market.  I believe that African governments’ appreciation for not only the macro-level issues but also the opportunities for supporting capital market growth is always needed.  By aligning government policies and incentives, like tax neutrality for specific securities and exemptions for green bonds enables more efficient capital-raising efforts by the private sector and encourages innovative financing solutions.

I believe African governments realise that reliance on public financing through external debt borrowing in hard currency is not an infinite pot.  As of 2022, external debt in sub-Saharan Africa stood at USD 833 billion and this rises and falls depending on currency volatility.  This type of financing is not sustainable, and it will not meet all the continent’s development needs. Alternative financing options include using capital markets or a mix of different types of capital and risk mitigation instruments like guarantees, insurance, and currency hedging mechanisms.   This is the time to deploy this creative mix of financing solutions to fund sustainable development.

The role of FSD Africa

But back to my main point – capital market regulation and development are not a walk in the park.  At FSD Africa, we have implemented several regulatory support initiatives – helping regulators strengthen their institutional capacity and build robust regulatory frameworks and long-term capital market development plans.

In March 2024, our efforts in supporting development of the capital market intermediaries licensing and monitoring legislation assisted the Ethiopian Capital Markets Authority in granting a license to its first investment advisor.  This is a foundational step in the establishment of the capital market and mobilisation of capital.  In addition, our work with various regulators and exchanges to design rules for sustainable bond issuances has promoted capital raising of approximately USD 1.2 billion across the continent.  Such initiatives demonstrate the potential of regulated markets to mobilise sustainable finance and support Africa’s development.

An all-hands-on-deck approach is needed from the government and other market facilitators to support regulators in fulfilling their mandates.  And these dual mandates were made for this time in history – for this time in the continent’s sustainable growth trajectory.  I am sure as we support the implementation of regulators’ statutory mandates which the drafters of capital market legislation envisioned, our economies will be better for it.

First East African sustainability bond lists on the London Stock Exchange

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Original article by the impact investor

The NMB Jamii Bond, Tanzanian NMB Bank’s inaugural sustainability bond, has cross-listed on the London Stock Exchange to drive institutional capital into the country’s climate finance and development projects.

NMB Bank, a commercial bank in Tanzania, has announced the cross listing of its inaugural sustainability bond, the NMB Jamii Bond, on the London Stock Exchange.

The NMB Jamii Bond launched in both Tanzanian shillings and US dollars on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange in December last year, with anchor investments from development finance institutions British International Investment (BII) and the International Finance Corporation (IFC). It aims to increase investment into Tanzanian climate finance and development projects.

The dual-tranche bond raised a total of TZS 400bn (€142m) from both local and international investors in its initial offering, but it is the US dollar tranche that listed on the London stock market.

Ruth Zaipuna, chief executive of NMB, said: “Today’s listing of the Jamii Bond cements NMB Bank’s position as a trailblazer in sustainability within the African capital markets, and we are humbled that our commitment to ESG principles has garnered national and international recognition.

“This extraordinary success highlights the strong confidence Tanzanian and global investors have in NMB Bank’s soundness and commitment to sustainability across operations, business, community, and environment. It reaffirms our creditworthiness and reflects the desire of investors, both local and international, to seize the safe and impactful investment opportunities within Tanzania’s robust investment climate.”

BII, which as anchor investor committed €13.8m equivalent in Tanzanian shilling to the bond, confirmed it had no immediate plans to invest in the dollar tranche through the LSE.

Technical assistance

FSD Africa, a specialist development agency dedicated to mobilising sustainable financing for projects on the African continent, provided technical assistance for NMB Bank’s portfolio review, which was assessed by the not-for-profit organisation Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI), to ensure the bond’s alignment with various international organisations and their requirements and taxonomies.

Responding to questions from Impact Investor, Mark Napier, chief executive of FSD Africa, explained that the portfolio review was critical to identifying existing and pipeline green projects that an issuer could fund.

“A portfolio review assesses the nature of the projects to ensure that they align with the eligibility criteria for green projects.  It also enables an issuer to identify the funds required to meet the financing need for this portfolio,” he said.

FSD Africa also offered technical assistance towards securing Second Party Opinion (SPO) for NMB Bank’s sustainable finance framework, a document which explains to investors which eligible projects will be funded, how these projects are selected, how often impact will be reported and how the funds raised will be managed.

“A second party opinion is a required step under the International Capital Market Association  (ICMA) sustainability bond principles that assesses the bond framework. Investors rely on this second party opinion, undertaken by a third party, to make an informed decision as to whether to invest in a sustainable bond or not,” Napier explained.

Meeting Africa’s climate goals

Earlier this year, a UN economist predicted Africa would be $2.5trn short of the finance it needs to cope with climate change by 2030 despite, as a continent, contributing the least to greenhouse gas emissions.

Another estimate puts Africa’s climate finance needs at $277bn (€255bn) annually in order to meet its Nationally Determined Contributions, the climate action plans which detail countries’ commitments to achieving the global targets of the Paris Agreement.

The NMB listing is expected to contribute to plugging this gap, but private sector financing still has a long way to go with the 2022 Landscape of Climate Finance in Africa report, commissioned by FSD Africa and others,  revealing that it represented only 14% of all of Africa’s climate finance from 2019 to 2020, much lower than in other regions like South Asia (37%), East Asia and Pacific (39%), and Latin America & Caribbean (49%).

Napier said that during the period the report was undertaken, a key finding was that actual risk, perceived risk, and ticket sizes dissuaded private capital players, and that recommendations were made to address this.

“For instance, development partners could target higher leverage ratios through blended financing structures, with a particular focus on an enhanced role for private insurance and partial guarantees. They could also support capacity building both within domestic finance institutions and in developing a pipeline of investable opportunities.”

Information exchange platforms

He added that information exchange platforms and financial alliances such as the Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero (GFANZ), a group of financial institutions formed during the COP26 climate conference in Glasgow, also had a role to play.

“Information exchange platforms could make existing transactions more visible to investors. International networks like GFANZ could support pipeline development and back transaction accelerators. They could also engage actively with domestic institutions to source and bundle viable, well-diligenced transactions,” he added.

The successful issuance of the dual-tranche Jamii Bonds on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange last year was said to highlight the growing capacity of local investors to meet the rising demand for climate and sustainability financing.

 

Tanga UWASA’s Water Green Bond oversubscribed, officially listed on DSE

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Tanga UWASA’s Water Infrastructure Green Bond, the first ever Sub-national bond to be issued in East Africa, has been oversubscribed by 103%. The green bond, worth TZS 53.12 billion, and launched on 22nd February 2024, was successfully listed at the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE) on 15th May 2024. It performed impressively with 65% of collection being from local investors while attracting 35% of foreign investors. This is a clear indication of the growing interest in sustainable investment and confidence of international investors to the Tanzania market.

The Tanga UWASA bond will now be traded at the DSE, and funds raised will propel sustainable water supply infrastructure and environmental conservation efforts in Tanga. Listing of the Tanga UWASA bond signifies a successful demonstration that the existing regulations and frameworks can be used by municipalities, cities, and sub-national entities to raise significant capital from domestic markets, in local currency to finance development, and in turn reduce pressure on Government budget.

On his address, the guest of honor, Hon. Dr. Mwigulu L. Nchemba, Minister of Finance, said

“this event and similar events by Corporates in the recent past, is a clear testimony that the Alternative Project Financing Strategy (APF) launched by the Government in May 2021 is doable not only to corporates, but also to Government institutions. And considering that the fully amount required for project implementation is now available, the Ministry of Finance will keep on following up to ensure that this project is successfully implemented as planned.”

Hon. Jumaa Aweso, the Minister for Water highlighted that,

“financing needs for water infrastructure across the nation is still very high. Competing government priorities, and limited budget, results in delay of projects implementation. Bond issuance such as this one, complements government efforts and expedite provision of water services to the citizens. I urge other water utilities to learn from the Tanga UWASA bond and commence replication in their localities”.

On his key remarks, the Head of United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) in Tanzania Mr. Peter Malika congratulated the government for achieving this historic milestone. He added

“In collaboration with the government, our significance and support as a development finance institution has resulted in clearing and clarifying technical and policy hurdles that existed before this transaction, so that future transactions can use Tanga UWASA’s bond as a national template, fit for replication and taking to scale to other sectors such as energy, agriculture, health, education, income generation and productive sectors. I want to recognize the National Municipal Bond Taskforce, with this team we have built and entrenched a lasting crosscutting national capacities that ought to be emulated as a winning formula in other initiatives”.

From the regulator perspective, Mr. Nicodemus Mkama, Chief Executive of the Tanzania Capital Market and Securities Authority (CMSA) highlighted that,

“Successful issuance and listing of Tanga Water Bond on the Dar Es Salaam Stock Exchange, solidifies the position of Tanzanian capital markets on the map of global capital markets that offer innovative and sustainable financing products attracting both domestic and international investors. He further urged other subnational institutions and municipalities to emulate the path taken by Tanga UWASA, in financing revenue-generating projects through capital markets.”

In addition, “The listing of the TANGA UWASA bond demonstrates the power of collaboration between the public and private sectors, as well as the commitment of stakeholders to make investments that generate financial returns and positive impacts on society and the environment. Therefore, DSE invites public institutions, companies, and the private sector to continue this path of raising capital aimed at promoting and building a competitive economy for the development of people” said Ms. Mary Mniwasa, the Chief Executive Officer of DSE.

On his side, the Managing Director of Tanga UWASA, Eng. Geofrey Hilly, expressed immense pride and honor in witnessing the successful listing of the Tanga Water Bond. He emphasised its significance in advancing sustainable water infrastructure and environmental conservation, extending gratitude to investors, partners, and stakeholders for their unwavering support and trust. He assured the investors,

“as the pilot, we are determined to maintain a strong and unwavering commitment to our investors and the government, on professionalism, proper use of funds, honoring our obligations, and delivering quality water services to our customers”.

Other stakeholders involved in preparations of the Tanga water green bond includes NBC Bank (lead transaction advisor), FSD Africa (supported green framework), FIMCO and Global Sovereign Advisory (financial & investment advisory), ALN Tanzania (legal advisor), Innovex (reporting accountant), Vertex International Securities (stockbroker) and ISS Corporate Solutions (second-party opinion provider).

Landmark moment for African climate investment as sustainability bond secures London listing

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African climate investment received a landmark boost today with the cross-listing of NMB Bank’s (NMB) inaugural sustainability bond, the NMB Jamii Bond, on the London Stock Exchange. It will represent a new, vital and symbolically important route for institutional investors in the world’s largest capital markets to commit funds into African climate finance and development vehicles.

BII was an anchor investor in the Tanzanian shilling tranche of the NMB Jamii Bond and last year invested $1.3 billion in total into African businesses. The DFI is committed to ensuring that at least 30 per cent of its total commitments are in climate finance.

Christopher Chijiutomi, Managing Director and Head of Africa at BII, said: “The NMB listing represents a unique opportunity for UK and global investors to directly participate in Africa’s future. It will enhance vital inward investment into Africa and act as a proof point that sustainable development vehicles of this type can be attractive to the world’s largest institutional investors in London and elsewhere.”

Deputy Foreign Secretary and Minister for Development and Africa Andrew Mitchell commented: “The UK is proud to have supported NMB’s Jamii Bond in Tanzania – through British International Investment’s anchor investment and FSD Africa’s technical assistance support. It is the first sustainability bond to be offered in East Africa, highlighting the UK’s ongoing commitment to financing progress towards the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals and driving a green and sustainable future for the region.”

 Ms. Ruth Zaipuna, Chief Executive of NMB, said: “Today’s listing of the Jamii Bond cements NMB Bank’s position as a trailblazer in sustainability within the African capital markets and we are humbled that our commitment to ESG principles has garnered national and international recognition.

“This extraordinary success highlights the strong confidence Tanzanian and global investors have in NMB Bank’s soundness and commitment to sustainability across operations, business, community, and environment. It reaffirms our creditworthiness and reflects the desire of investors, both local and international, to seize the safe and impactful investment opportunities within Tanzania’s robust investment climate.”

Julia Hoggett, CEO of LSE plc added: “We are delighted to welcome NMB Bank’s sustainability bond to the London Stock Exchange, and to be the venue of choice for the bond’s first admission to trading outside Africa. This not only highlights NMB’s dedication to transparency and commitment to their sustainability objectives, but also showcases the continued international investor support that issuers across Africa can find in London. We are a leading global hub for sustainable finance and proud to be at the forefront of enabling capital flows towards the green economy.”

The need for inward investment into Africa has never been greater. According to ECPDM, the global think tank, the current finance gap per year is between $200-400 billion. The funds raised through the bond will be injected into high-impact companies that are combating the climate emergency and which support inclusive growth.

FSD Africa provided technical assistance for NMB Bank’s Portfolio Review assessed by the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) for alignment with ICMA and Multilateral Development Bank (MDB) principles and the EU & CBI Taxonomies. FSD Africa also offered technical assistance towards securing Second Party Opinion (SPO) for NMB Bank’s Sustainable Finance Framework.

Mark Napier, Chief Executive of FSD Africa, said: “Listing of the NMB sustainability bond on the LSE is a great milestone, and it signals the potential that entities in the African region have to tap sustainable finance both within and beyond the African continent.  Mobilising long-term capital at scale on the African continent continues to benefit from the collaborative partnerships from the city of London, and we are pleased to have extended technical assistance in support of NMB’s issuance of both their gender bond in 2022 and the sustainability bond in 2023.”

The NMB listing is expected to contribute to Africa’s climate finance needs – estimated at $277 billion annually to implement its NDCs and meet 2030 climate goals. From 2019 to 2020, private sector financing represented only 14 per cent of all of Africa’s climate finance, according to a report by the Climate Policy Initiative.

The successful issuance of the Tanzanian shilling and U.S. dollar Jamii Bonds on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange in December last year highlighted the growing capacity of local investors to meet the rising demand for climate and sustainability financing. The bonds align with the Sustainability Bond Guidelines of the International Capital Markets Association, which prescribe transparent and accurate reporting to stakeholders.

Issued in both local currency and the US Dollar, the dual-tranche bond raised a total of TZS 400 billion ($159 million) from both local and international investors in its initial offering. BII, as an anchor investor, committed $15 million equivalent in Tanzanian shilling to the bond. It is the US dollar tranche that will be listed on the London Stock Market.

Capital Markets Progress Report 2024

In our latest capital markets progress report, we offer a comprehensive showcase of our impactful work in transforming Africa’s capital markets. This report highlights pivotal milestones, including:

  • Catalysing $1.2 billion in sustainable local currency capital
  • Launching the Dhamana Guarantee Company to enhance credit access
  • Issuing Tanzania’s first water bond for essential infrastructure funding
  • Establishing the Pan African Fund Managers Association (PAFMA) and Africa Pensions Supervisors Association (APSA) to drive market collaboration
Why capital markets matter:

Capital markets are central to sustainable growth in Africa, providing the essential financing that powers both public and private sector initiatives. They enable funding for crucial global issues like climate change and biodiversity preservation while diversifying financial services beyond banking. By prioritizing local currency capital markets, Africa’s economies can mitigate currency risks, build resilience, and reduce vulnerabilities to external economic shifts.

Key focus areas:
  1. Addressing social challenges: The financial sector is a powerful driver for tackling poverty, gender inequality, climate change and biodiversity loss.
  2. Bridging Africa’s financing gap: We play a crucial role in mobilising private capital and strengthening local markets to meet Africa’s urgent funding needs.
  3. Making finance work for Africa: Dedicated to creating resilient financial ecosystems, we provide the tools and resources needed to drive meaningful, sustainable development at scale